Since 2005, Congress has passed several major energy laws: the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58); the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110- 140); the Energy Improvement and Extension Act (EIEA), enacted as Division B of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA; P.L. 110-343); the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5); and the Energy Act of 2020 (Division Z of P.L. 116-260). Each of those laws established, expanded, or modified energy efficiency and renewable energy research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) programs. The Department of Energy (DOE) operates the greatest number of efficiency and renewable energy incentive programs. The Department of the Treasury and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) operate several programs. A few programs can also be found within the Department of the Interior (DOI), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the Small Business Administration (SBA), Fannie Mae, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
This report outlines current federal programs and provisions providing grants, loans, loan guarantees, tax credits, and other direct or indirect incentives for energy efficiency, energy conservation, and renewable energy RDD&D. The programs are grouped by administering agency with references to applicable federal agency websites. Incentives are summarized and indexed in the appendixes.
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