Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners (CIP), through its CI Advanced Bioenergy Fund (ABF) I, has approved the final investment decision for Nivalan Biokaasu biogas facility. The facility will have an estimated annual biomethane production output of more than 200 GWh. Construction for the project will begin in late 2025, with operations scheduled to start in the second half of 2027.
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This market spotlight focuses on the electric vehicle (EV) markets in Denmark, Sweden, and Finland, which rank among the leaders in Europe in terms of EV shares of new passenger car registrations. The spotlight highlights key trends in EV adoption and examines policy measures and market characteristics that are likely to shape EV uptake in these countries.
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This report highlights that India seeks to attain a 30% share of electric vehicles, in the total vehicles sold, by 2030. Sales of EVs in India went up from 50,000 in 2016 to 2.08 million in 2024 as against global EV sales having risen from 918,000 in 2016 to 18.78 million in 2024. Thus, India’s transition has been slow to start, but it is picking up. India’s EV penetration was only about one-fifth of the global penetration in 2020, but has picked up to over two-fifth of the global penetration in 2024.
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India’s CBG sector is gaining traction, backed by abundant biomass availability, supportive policy interventions, the need for sustainable waste management and a growing emphasis on domestic energy security. The sector is seen as a critical enabler of crude oil import reduction, soil health restoration, mitigation of pollution caused by biomass burning and advancement of India’s energy self-reliance goals. India possesses a vast and diverse biomass base that can support a distributed and robust CBG production model. The sector has been on a long learning curve; now, it seems set to leverage these learnings for larger overall gains.
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The report “Delivering Affordability: The Emerging Cost Advantage of Battery Electric Heavy-Duty Trucks and U.S. Policy Strategies to Unlock Their Full Economic Potential” by Energy Innovation and ICCT concludes that battery electric HDVs are approaching broad cost superiority, with modeled results showing net TCO savings over diesel by 2030 and thousands to tens of thousands of dollars in five-year TCO savings compared to diesel by 2035. While hydrogen fuel cell trucks may serve niche roles, battery electric HDVs are expected to be the preferred choice for most applications due to their lower capital, fuel, and maintenance costs.
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BYD continued to lead light-duty EV sales in China and accounted for approximately one-third of all sales. Geely led among legacy automakers: Nearly 34% of its LDV sales were EVs, a 14-percentage-point increase from 2023. Compared with 2023, absolute PHEV sales in China nearly doubled, rising from 2.4 million to 4.5 million in 2024. The share of PHEVs among EVs in China rose from 31% in 2023 to 40% in 2024. In 2024, approximately 125,000 EVs were sold in India. This represented nearly 3% of the country’s LDV (four-wheeler) sales in 2024. MG doubled its EV sales share from 23% in 2023 to 47% in 2024. Stellantis and Tata Motors also increased their EV sales shares, from 15% to 22% and 10% to 11%, respectively. Mahindra’s EV sales share remained unchanged from 2023 at 1%. Major global automakers including Suzuki, Toyota, and Honda did not sell any EVs in India in 2024.
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This market spotlight by the International Council on Clean Transportation highlights that the average share of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) among total new registrations in Europe increased 1 percentage point to 17% in April 2025, up from 16% in March. While several manufacturer pools had decreases in BEV shares of 1 or 2 percentage points in April compared with the previous month, including the BMW, Mercedes-Volvo-Polestar, Hyundai, TeslaStellantis-Toyota, and Renault pools, other pools increased their shares. The 19% BEV share of the Volkswagen pool was a notable jump of 7 percentage points over its 2024 average.
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Kenya’s transport sector is the second-greatest contributor to the country’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for 13 percent of total emissions. Over 75 percent of Kenyans can access clean energy, so switching to electric vehicles (EVs) could help Kenya curb air pollution and reach its decarbonization goals. But far fewer than 1 percent of vehicles sold in Kenya annually are electric. This working paper analyzes the obstacles that are hampering the transition to cleaner vehicles, identifies opportunities to tackle these problems, and compares Kenya’s efforts to promote electrification with what other countries are doing.
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RIC Energy and Siemens have inked a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to develop projects in the field of renewable hydrogen, green ammonia, and e-fuels in Spain. The collaboration of the two companies will boost the sustainable aviation fuel (e-SAF) plant. The plant is being promoted by RIC in Cubillos del Sil (León) and is known as the Compostilla Green project. The collaboration also extends to the Besaya project in Torrelavega, an initiative by RIC Energy.
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Europe is a significant player in silver, holding nearly 10% of global reserves and accounting for 9% of global production, primarily in Poland. The region also maintains a modest presence in copper, cobalt and nickel, accounting for 5%, 3% and 2% of global mining output (respectively). Future growth potential is contingent on further exploration, technological improvements and regulatory support such as the European Union (EU) Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA). The market value of Europe’s key energy minerals production currently stands at approximately USD 13 billion for mining and USD 21 billion for refining in 2024, largely due to copper mining and refining.
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V-Green has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with four partners to deploy 63,000 charging ports for VinFast electric vehicles across Indonesia by the end of 2025. This marks more than double the initial target. The collaboration involves a total investment of $300 million, with partners Chargecore, Chargepoint, Amarta Group, and CVS contributing significantly.
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This report “Powering up: Business perspectives on shifting to renewable electricity” by E3G summarises that business executives issue a ringing endorsement (97%) for a rapid shift to renewables-based electricity, sending a powerful message to governments to quickly phase out fossil fuels from the grid. As the driving force of the global economy, the world’s corporations exert a strong influence on the pace at which fossil fuels are phased out and renewables are adopted. For companies to fully swing behind renewable electricity, however, governments need to move quickly to remove barriers to the transition.
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The paper “Biomass and land use in a decarbonizing U.S. economy” by WRI concludes that biomass is a limited and valuable resource; as such, it is critical that it be used in a way that is most effective for emissions mitigation. It is vital that the value of biomass production be weighed against the many other demands placed on land in a decarbonizing society. This analysis finds that some biomass, including wastes and residues, has a role to play in decarbonizing the US economy, but accurate carbon accounting is essential, and guardrails must be placed on biomass use.
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On April 28, 2023, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) adopted the Advanced Clean Fleets (ACF) regulation. The first of its kind globally, the ACF requires medium and heavy-duty vehicle (MHDV) fleets to reduce emissions through requirements to phase-in zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs), starting with model year (MY) 2024. It also sets an end date for combustion MHDV sales in California; these will not be allowed starting with MY 2036. The ACF rule is part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce heavy-duty transportation greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and provide cleaner air, especially in the communities most heavily impacted by air pollution.
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This overview of China’s zero-emission medium- and heavy-duty vehicle (ZE-MHDV) market covers medium and heavy straight trucks, tractor-trailers above 3.5 tonnes, and city buses and coaches. Sales of ZE-MHDVs in China spiked twice in the last decade: the first in 2015–2016, underpinned by government subsidies, and the second in 2024, with a historical high of more than 230,000 sales. Sales of ZE-MHDVs boomed in Q4, thanks to a strong macroeconomic stimulus package released by the Chinese government in September.
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Indonesia is pursuing policies to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and build a thriving domestic industry. However, to maximize long-term benefits, the government must ensure foreign manufacturers do more than just sell cars—they need to invest in local jobs, supply chains, and technology transfer. While Indonesia’s EV incentive policies reflect a strong commitment to increase market adoption, there remain several risks to achieving the long-term goals of fostering investment, local job creation, and industrial development. The simultaneous application of potentially conflicting incentives—duty-free imports for CBU EVs and subsidies tied to local content—may create an uneven playing field.
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The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Loan Programs Office (LPO) has announced the closing of a $1.67 billion loan guarantee to Montana Renewables, LLC (MRL). This amount includes $1.44 billion in principal and $233 million in capitalised interest. The loan will support the expansion of a renewable fuels facility in Montana, enabling the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha. The facility will utilise vegetable oils, fats, and greases to produce cleaner fuels.
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The findings of this report emphasise the urgency of accelerating the sustainable scale-up of biofuel supply chains in Southeast Asia. In the near term, biofuels remain the most viable option for significantly reducing aviation emissions. However, securing feedstock, especially from energy crops, is not something that can be achieved overnight: it requires strategic planning, infrastructure and investment. Careful planning, informed by science with social dynamics considered, especially in the context of Southeast Asia, should begin as soon as possible to minimise the risk of unintended environmental impacts.
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Approximately 120,000 new heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) were registered in the United States in the first half of 2024. Of these, 1,381 (0.56%) were zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). There were more zero-emission HDV registrations in the first quarter of 2024 (800) than in the second quarter (581). Zero-emission vehicles accounted for 0.64% of total HDV registrations in Q1 and 0.48% of HDV registrations in Q2, increases of 113% and 60%, respectively, from the 0.30% share for all of 2023.
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A low-biomass comparison to the 2030 Further Flex and Renewables pathway in the NESO Clean Power report has been modelled with biomass capacity reduced by 2 GW compared to the current total. The equivalent to all but one unit of large-scale biomass is modelled to come offline in this clean power analysis, with power imports making up most of the reduction, as well as a slight increase in gas use for power (14%).
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