Category: Knowledge Center Asia

Socio-Economics of ASEAN’s Energy Transition: Report

Socio-Economics of ASEAN’s Energy Transition: Report

October 30, 2025 | , ,

The transition of ASEAN towards renewable energy is marked by strategic ambitions, shifting policies and complex geopolitics. To maximise socio-economic benefits, ASEAN would therefore need to harmonise regional policies, develop just transition strategies, improve grid inter-connection, develop critical minerals and launch targeted upskilling initiatives, while carefully balancing geopolitical influences from external actors and ensuring equitable and resilient development across all member states.

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Bridging Adaptation Finance Gap in Asia: Brief

Bridging Adaptation Finance Gap in Asia: Brief

October 24, 2025 | , ,

Addressing Asia’s climate adaptation finance gap requires a coordinated, whole-government approach to overcome systemic barriers such as limited institutional capacity and misaligned financial instruments. Scaling international public finance – prioritizing grants and other concessional funding is essential to meet commitments under the Paris Agreement and Glasgow Climate Pact. Strengthening local participation and leadership ensures that adaptation finance effectively reaches vulnerable communities, aligning with principles of locally led adaptation. 

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East Asia’s Sustainable Energy Future: Report

East Asia’s Sustainable Energy Future: Report

October 17, 2025 | , ,

The report published by the World Bank highlights the pathways to intertwine energy and development imperatives in East Asia. It outlines pathways to decarbonize the power and industrial sectors—which together contribute 75–87 percent of emissions—through greater efficiency, electrification, renewable energy, and advanced technologies such as green hydrogen and carbon capture, utilization, and storage.

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Investment Needs of Indonesia’s Just Energy Transition: Paper

Investment Needs of Indonesia’s Just Energy Transition: Paper

October 10, 2025 | , ,

Indonesia’s current transition from fossil-based energy to renewable sources requires strategic considerations of how its investment needs and impacts should be equitably distributed among all stakeholders. With an ambitious target to generate 61% renewable energy (RE) in the Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2025-2034 and President Prabowo’s bold remark on achieving 100% RE by 2035, a rigorous assessment of transition costs and benefits is instrumental.

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Potential of Grid-Scale Battery Storage in Japan: Report

Potential of Grid-Scale Battery Storage in Japan: Report

September 19, 2025 | , , ,

Grid-scale battery storage projects have rapidly expanded in recent years across the globe. This expansion is driven by the sharp decline in battery costs and the large-scale integration of VRE, which has significantly enhanced the competitiveness of grid-scale batteries as a means of providing system flexibility. With the increasing deployment of VRE, the structure of grid operation, transmission and distribution businesses, and thermal power generation businesses may experience structural transformations.

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Progress in ZEV Market in EU: Report

Progress in ZEV Market in EU: Report

September 17, 2025 | , , ,

Automakers are on track to meet the EU CO2 performance targets for new vehicles, relying mostly on electric cars as a compliance option. Among the major markets, EV uptake has been strong in Germany and France and has recently increased in Italy and Spain. Several smaller markets show particularly high EV market shares. Building up battery production and supply chains in Europe will require concerted efforts by governments and industry as well as market confidence.

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Role of Batteries in India’s Power Market: Report

Role of Batteries in India’s Power Market: Report

September 17, 2025 | , , ,

As more variable renewable energy enters India’s electricity grid, coinciding with sharp declines in battery costs, new business cases are emerging for BESS. One particularly promising opportunity is battery participation in India’s wholesale power and ancillary services market. Price volatility in the day-ahead market segment of the power exchanges is becoming the norm. Electricity prices are now regularly crashing during solar hours and surging during the evenings and nights.

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Industrial Decarbonization in East Asia: Report

Industrial Decarbonization in East Asia: Report

September 12, 2025 | , ,

This report identifies the best pathways to eliminate industrial greenhouse gas emissions in three emerging economies in the region: China, Indonesia, and Viet Nam. It focuses on manufacturing activities (not mining, drilling, agriculture, or construction) and covers a range of industrial decarbonization technologies, including energy and material efficiency; electrification; carbon capture, use, and storage; green hydrogen; and clean chemical feedstocks.

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Storage for Southeast Asia’s Energy Transition: Briefing

Storage for Southeast Asia’s Energy Transition: Briefing

September 5, 2025 | , ,

The Southeast Asia region, with its rapidly growing economies, increasing energy demands and grid constraints, is facing unique challenges in the energy transition. The combination of the shift to renewable energy and the lack of grid stability in several Southeast Asian nations indicates the need for storage technologies, a need which is starting to be recognised at governmental level.

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Energy Transition Investment Trends in India: Report

Energy Transition Investment Trends in India: Report

August 29, 2025 | , ,

India’s energy transition investment trends showed a significant shift from renewables to e-mobility, with e-mobility investments rising from 6% in 2017 to 49% in 2024, energy storage investments rising from 1% to 9%, while energy efficiency investments fluctuated around 4%. Emerging technologies like the circular economy and low carbon fuels also received attention, though CCUS investments remain in early stages due to high costs.

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Climate Security and Renewables Nexus in Indonesia: Report

Climate Security and Renewables Nexus in Indonesia: Report

August 21, 2025 | , ,

Indonesia faces various security challenges due to climate change, from the direct threats of extreme weather hazards to the compounding strains on food and water security and overall domestic stability. At the same time, the country’s continued dependence on fossil fuels presents longer-term strategic security risks and immediate health and environmental security risks, while investments in renewables provide security benefits for the country. 

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Evaluating India’s EV progress: Report

Evaluating India’s EV progress: Report

August 8, 2025 | , , ,

This report highlights that India seeks to attain a 30% share of electric vehicles, in the total vehicles sold, by 2030. Sales of EVs in India went up from 50,000 in 2016 to 2.08 million in 2024 as against global EV sales having risen from 918,000 in 2016 to 18.78 million in 2024. Thus, India’s transition has been slow to start, but it is picking up. India’s EV penetration was only about one-fifth of the global penetration in 2020, but has picked up to over two-fifth of the global penetration in 2024.

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Decoding the Coal-Power Transition in China: Report

Decoding the Coal-Power Transition in China: Report

August 1, 2025 | , ,

China’s success in renewables is complicated by its persistent reliance on coal in the power sector. This report examines the evolution of coal power in China, analyzing the policies and pricing mechanisms that shaped its development across different stages. Decoupling coal from power-demand growth and supply-security concerns is critical to decarbonizing China’s power sector. This report examines tailored strategies to achieve this decoupling, such as replacing coal as the dominating power generator by adding clean power generation, primarily from wind, solar, hydro, and nuclear, to outpace power-demand growth.

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Viet Nam’s Pathways for Carbon Neutrality: Report

Viet Nam’s Pathways for Carbon Neutrality: Report

July 25, 2025 | , ,

By integrating energy system modelling, technology assessments, and policy recommendations, this report provides structured guidance to support Viet Nam’s transition to a carbon-neutral economy whilst sustaining economic growth and ensuring long-term energy security. It employs a comprehensive energy system modelling approach to evaluate Viet Nam’s pathways towards carbon neutrality. The analysis addresses regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, public acceptance, and economic viability.

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Energy Transition Opportunity for India: Report

Energy Transition Opportunity for India: Report

July 25, 2025 | , ,

India’s climate strategy embodies an ambitious vision that balances environmental stewardship with economic progress. Anchored by transformative policies and programmes, the country’s roadmap for renewable energy, biofuels, decarbonisation and sustainable infrastructure reflects its determination to address climate challenges at scale. This ambitious vision demands an infusion of US$1.5 trillion by 2030 across various areas. Targeted initiatives aim to democratise renewable energy access and foster growth. 

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Indonesia’s Electricity Supply Plan: Report

Indonesia’s Electricity Supply Plan: Report

July 18, 2025 | , ,

Indonesia’s new RUPTL 2025-2034 outlines a significant increase in power generation from coal and gas by 2034, up 40% from the 286 TWh realised in 2024. Compared to the targets in the previous RUPTL, fossil power generation is about 10% higher in 2030. On generation capacity, the new plan proposes to add 16.6 GW of new fossil power through 2034, signaling a continued reliance on fossil fuels. Meanwhile, renewables targets have been downgraded from RUPTL 2021-2030, from 20.9 GW in new clean power capacity additions by 2030 to 17.0 GW.

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BESS and Pakistan’s Electricity Grid: IEEFA Report

BESS and Pakistan’s Electricity Grid: IEEFA Report

July 10, 2025 | , , ,

Battery storage adoption is accelerating in Pakistan’s residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, driven by high electricity costs and declining solar component prices. Consumers are combining solar with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to reduce grid dependence, lower energy bills, and improve reliability. This trend is expected to continue as battery economics improve. Solar with BESS has a payback period of 3-5 years in Pakistan’s residential sector despite a 48% cost increase from surcharges and duties on lithium-ion batteries.

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Future of Pakistan’s Electricity Grid: Report

Future of Pakistan’s Electricity Grid: Report

July 4, 2025 | , ,

Battery storage adoption is accelerating in Pakistan’s residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, driven by high electricity costs and declining solar component prices. Consumers are combining solar with Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to reduce grid dependence, lower energy bills, and improve reliability. This trend is expected to continue as battery economics improve. Pakistan imported an estimated 1.25 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of BESS in 2024. Unmanaged BESS growth could destabilize Pakistan’s national grid by reducing demand and raising capacity payments.

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ASEAN’s Hydrogen and Ammonia Roadmap : Report

ASEAN’s Hydrogen and Ammonia Roadmap : Report

July 4, 2025 | , , ,

The ASEAN region stands at a critical juncture in its energy transition, facing rapidly growing energy demand and the pressing need to mitigate climate-change impacts. Hydrogen and ammonia present significant opportunities for AMS to decarbonise their economies, enhance energy security, and support the integration of renewable energy. This roadmap provides a structured approach for ASEAN to integrate hydrogen and ammonia into its energy system across three key phases: the short term (2025–2030), medium term (2031–2040), and long term (2041–2050).

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Investing in Southeast Asia’s Green Economy: Report

Investing in Southeast Asia’s Green Economy: Report

July 2, 2025 | , ,

International investment in clean energy is gaining momentum in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Since 2020, the number of international investment projects in clean energy in the region has increased by 15% per year on average. Using data from WRI, OCI and Lowy, China leads public investment, investing over USD 2.7 billion in clean energy in key ASEAN markets of Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam between 2013 and 2023. Breaking it down by renewable technology, Japan is the region’s biggest investor in geothermal and solar.

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